ActiveMax® Recombinant Human GM-CSF Protein, premium grade, 20µg

Background
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is also known as Colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage), is a cytokine initially characterized by its ability to induce colonies of granulocytes and macrophages from myeloid progenitor cells, and is secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. GM-CSF is a cytokine that functions as a white blood cell growth factor. GM-CSF stimulates stem cells to produce granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and monocytes. Monocytes exitthe circulation and migrate into tissue, whereupon they mature into macrophages and dendritic cells. Thus, it is part of the immune/inflammatory cascade, by which activation of a small number of macrophages can rapidly lead to an increase in their numbers, a process crucial for fighting infection. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a homodimer. Human GM-CSF glycosylated in its mature form. As a part of the immune/inflammatory cascade, GM-CSF promotes Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity, and thus worthy of consideration for therapeutic target. GM-CSF has also recently been evaluated in clinical trials for its potential as a vaccine adjuvant in HIV-infected patients. The preliminary results have been promising. GM-CSF is also used as a medication to stimulate the production of white blood cells following chemotherapy.

Source
Recombinant ActiveMax® Human GM-CSF, premium grade(GMF-H4214) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Ala 18 - Glu 144 (Accession # NP_000749.2).
Predicted N-terminus: Ala 18
It is produced under our rigorous quality control system that incorporates a comprehensive set of tests including sterility and endotoxin tests. Product performance is carefully validated and tested for compatibility for cell culture use or any other applications in the early preclinical stage. When ready to transition into later clinical phases, we also offer a custom GMP protein service that tailors to your needs. We will work with you to customize and develop a GMP-grade product in accordance with your requests that also meets the requirements for raw and ancillary materials use in cell manufacturing of cell-based therapies.

Molecular Characterization
This protein carries no "tag". The protein has a calculated MW of 14.5 kDa. The protein migrates as 18-26 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation.

Endotoxin
Less than 0.1 EU per μg by the LAL method.

Sterility
The sterility testing was performed by membrane filtration method.

Mycoplasma
Negative.

Purity
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
>95% as determined by SEC-MALS.

Formulation
Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in PBS, pH7.4 with trehalose as protectant.

Reconstitution
Please see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.
For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.

Storage
For long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.
Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
This product is stable after storage at:
-20°C to -70°C for 12 months in lyophilized state;
-70^°C for 3 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Bioactivity
Please refer to product data sheet.

Clinical and Translational Updates

(1) "GM-CSF-producing CCR2+ CCR6+ Th17 cells are pathogenic in DSS-induced colitis model in mice"
Ariki, Ozaka, Sachi et al
Genes Cells (2023)
(2) "Longitudinal changes of serum cytokines in patients with chronic low back pain and Modic changes"
Gjefsen, Gervin, Bråten et al
Osteoarthritis Cartilage (2023)
(3) "Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies a population of human liver-type ILC1s"
Krämer, Nalin, Ma et al
Cell Rep (2023) 42 (1), 111937
Showing 1-3 of 32317 papers.