Recombinant Human PD-1 / PDCD1 Protein, Llama IgG2b Fc Tag, low endotoxin, 100 µg

Background
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is also known as CD279 and PDCD1, is a type I membrane protein and is a member of the extended CD28/CTLA-4 family of T cell regulators. PDCD1 is expressed on the surface of activated T cells, B cells, macrophages, myeloid cells and a subset of thymocytes. PD-1 has two ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, which are members of the B7 family. PD-L1 is expressed on almost all murine tumor cell lines, including PA1 myeloma, P815 mastocytoma, and B16 melanoma upon treatment with IFN-γ. PD-L2 expression is more restricted and is expressed mainly by DCs and a few tumor lines. PD1 inhibits the T-cell proliferation and production of related cytokines including IL-1, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ by suppressing the activation and transduction of PI3K/AKT pathway. In addition, coligation of PD1 inhibits BCR-mediating signal by dephosphorylating key signal transducer. In vitro, treatment of anti-CD3 stimulated T cells with PD-L1-Ig results in reduced T cell proliferation and IFN-γ secretion. Monoclonal antibodies targeting PD-1 that boost the immune system are being developed for the treatment of cancer.

Source
Recombinant Human PD-1, Llama IgG2b Fc Tag, low endotoxin (PD1-H5259) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Leu 25 - Gln 167 (Accession # Q15116-1).
Predicted N-terminus: Leu 25

Molecular Characterization
This protein carries a llama IgG2b Fc tag at the C-terminus.
The protein has a calculated MW of 43.8 kDa. The protein migrates as 55-75 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation.

Endotoxin
Less than 0.01 EU per μg by the LAL method.

Purity
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Formulation
Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in Tris with Glycine, Arginine and NaCl, pH7.5. Normally trehalose is added as protectant before lyophilization.

Reconstitution
Please see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.
For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.

Storage
For long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.
Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
This product is stable after storage at:
-20^°C to -70^°C for 12 months in lyophilized state;
-70^°C for 3 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Bioactivity
Please refer to product data sheet.

Clinical and Translational Updates

(1) "Pharmacologic targeting of Nedd8-activating enzyme reinvigorates T-cell responses in lymphoid neoplasia"
Wang, Chen, Vuong et al
Leukemia (2023)
(2) "Engineering tumor-specific gene nanomedicine to recruit and activate T cells for enhanced immunotherapy"
Wang, Zhou, Wang et al
Nat Commun (2023) 14 (1), 1993
(3) "Tracking tumor-specific CD8+ T cell responses"
Burke, Markson, Sharpe
Trends Immunol (2023)
Showing 1-3 of 26976 papers.