Recombinant Biotinylated Mouse TNF-alpha (HPLC-verified), Avi Tag (Avitag™), His Tag, 25 µg

Background
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a cytokine produced primarily by monocytes and macrophages. It is found in synovial cells and macrophages in the tissues.The primary role of TNFα is in the regulation of immune cells. TNFα is able to induce apoptotic cell death, to induce inflammation, and to inhibit tumorigenesis and viral replication. Dysregulation of TNFα production has been implicated in a variety of human diseases, including major depression, Alzheimer's disease and cancer. Recombinant TNFα is used as an immunostimulant under the INN tasonermin. TNFα can be produced ectopically in the setting of malignancy and parallels parathyroid hormone both in causing secondary hypercalcemia and in the cancers with which excessive production is associated.

Source
Recombinant Biotinylated Mouse TNF-alpha, His,Avitag (active trimer) (MALS verified) (TNA-M82E9) is expressed from human HEK293 cells. It contains AA Leu 80 - Leu 235 (Accession # P06804).
Predicted N-terminus: Leu 80

Molecular Characterization
This protein carries a polyhistidine tag at the C-terminus, followed by an Avi tag.
The protein has a calculated MW of 20.2 kDa. The protein migrates as 20-21 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation.

Biotinylation
Biotinylation of this product is performed using Avitag™ technology. Briefly, the single lysine residue in the Avitag is enzymatically labeled with biotin.

Biotin:Protein ratio
Passed as determined by the HABA assay / binding ELISA.

Endotoxin
Less than 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method.

Purity
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
>95% as determined by SEC-HPLC.

Formulation
Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in PBS, pH7.4 with trehalose as protectant.

Reconstitution
Please see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.
For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.

Storage
For long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.
Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
This product is stable after storage at:
-20°C to -70°C for 12 months in lyophilized state;
-70^°C for 3 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Bioactivity
Please refer to product data sheet.

Clinical and Translational Updates

(1) "Does TNF-α 308 G/A (rs1800629) gene polymorphism associate with liver and pancreas disorders in Iraqi adults with beta thalassemia major?"
Luaibi, Mohammed
Hum Antibodies (2023)
(2) "Mechanism of lysine oxidase-like 1 promoting synovial inflammation mediating rheumatoid arthritis development"
Hu, Liu, Xu et al
Aging (Albany NY) (2024) 15
(3) "ZIP4 upregulation aggravates nucleus pulposus cell degradation by promoting inflammation and oxidative stress by mediating the HDAC4-FoxO3a axis"
Shen, Li, Wang et al
Aging (Albany NY) (2024) 15
Showing 1-3 of 263072 papers.