Recombinant Biotinylated Human TNF-alpha Protein, His,Avitag™ (active trimer) (MALS verified), 25 µg

Background
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a cytokine produced primarily by monocytes and macrophages. It is found in synovial cells and macrophages in the tissues.The primary role of TNFα is in the regulation of immune cells. TNFα is able to induce apoptotic cell death, to induce inflammation, and to inhibit tumorigenesis and viral replication. Dysregulation of TNFα production has been implicated in a variety of human diseases, including major depression, Alzheimer's disease and cancer. Recombinant TNFα is used as an immunostimulant under the INN tasonermin. TNFα can be produced ectopically in the setting of malignancy and parallels parathyroid hormone both in causing secondary hypercalcemia and in the cancers with which excessive production is associated.

Source
Recombinant Biotinylated Human TNF-alpha, His,Avitag(TNA-H82E3) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Val 77 - Leu 233 (Accession # NP_000585.2).
Predicted N-terminus: Val 77

Molecular Characterization
This protein carries a polyhistidine tag at the C-terminus, followed by an Avi tag (Avitag™).
The protein has a calculated MW of 20.0 kDa. The protein migrates as 21 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation.

Biotinylation
Biotinylation of this product is performed using Avitag™ technology. Briefly, the single lysine residue in the Avitag is enzymatically labeled with biotin.

Biotin:Protein Ratio
Passed as determined by the HABA assay / binding ELISA.

Endotoxin
Less than 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method.

Purity
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
>90% as determined by SEC-MALS.

Formulation
Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in PBS, pH7.4. Normally trehalose is added as protectant before lyophilization.

Reconstitution
Please see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.
For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.

Storage
For long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.
Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
This product is stable after storage at:
-20°C to -70°C for 12 months in lyophilized state;
-70^°C for 12 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Bioactivity
Please refer to product data sheet.

Clinical and Translational Updates

(1) "[Effects of enhancing the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in post-traumatic mice macrophages on the inflammatory cytokine level and bactericidal ability]"
Kuang, Yin, Dai et al
Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi (2023) 39 (7), 633-640
(2) "[Regulatory effects of the Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton on the biological function of human neutrophils]"
Yang, Huang, Liu et al
Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi (2023) 39 (7), 625-632
(3) "[Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors of death in critical burn patients complicated with invasive fungal infection]"
Li, Chang, Xie et al
Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi (2023) 39 (7), 618-624
Showing 1-3 of 259731 papers.