Recombinant Human Gremlin / GREM1 Protein, Fc Tag, 100µg

Background
Gremlin is also known as Cysteine knot superfamily 1, BMP antagonist 1 (CKTSF1B1), DAN domain family member 2 (DAND2), Down-regulated in Mos-transformed cells protein (DRM), Increased in high glucose protein 2 (IHG-2), Cell proliferation-inducing gene 2 protein (PIG2) or Gremlin-1 (GREM1), which is highly expressed in small intestine, fetal brain and colon. Gremlin / GREM-1 interacts with SLIT1 and SLIT2 in a glycosylation-dependent manner. Gremlin may play an important role during carcinogenesis and metanephric kidney organogenesis, as a BMP antagonist required for early limb outgrowth and patterning in maintaining the FGF4-SHH feedback loop. Gremlin down-regulates the BMP4 signaling in a dose-dependent manner and acts as inhibitor of monocyte chemotaxis.

Source
Recombinant Human Gremlin / GREM1, Fc Tag (GR1-H5254) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Lys 25 - Asp 184 (Accession # NP_037504).
Predicted N-terminus: Lys 25

Molecular Characterization
This protein carries a human IgG1 Fc tag at the C-terminus.
The protein has a calculated MW of 44.2 kDa. The protein migrates as 48-60 kDa on a SDS-PAGE gel under reducing (R) condition due to glycosylation.

Endotoxin
Less than 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method.

Purity
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Formulation
Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in 50 mM tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH7.5 with 1 mM EDTA. Normally trehalose is added as protectant before lyophilization.

Reconstitution
Please see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.
For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.

Storage
For long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.
Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
This product is stable after storage at:
-20°C to -70°C for 12 months in lyophilized state;
-70^°C for 3 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
 
Bioactivity
Please refer to product data sheet.

Clinical and Translational Updates

(1) "The involvement of gremlin-1 in external stress-induced melanogenesis"
Kim, Lee, Bae et al
J Dermatol Sci (2022)
(2) "Computational Investigation of 1, 3, 4 Oxadiazole Derivatives as Lead Inhibitors of VEGFR 2 in Comparison with EGFR: Density Functional Theory, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies"
Bilal, Ejaz, Zargar et al
Biomolecules (2022) 12 (11)
(3) "The Role of Mesothelin in Activation of Portal Fibroblasts in Cholestatic Liver Injury"
Nishio, Koyama, Fuji et al
Biology (Basel) (2022) 11 (11)
Showing 1-3 of 532 papers.
Please refer to product data sheet.